اسلامی ریاست میں شاتمِ رسولؐ ذمی کی پوزیشن

سوال: راقم نے پچھلے دنوں آپ کی تصنیف الجہاد فی الاسلام کا مطالعہ کیا۔ آپ نے تحریر فرمایا ہے کہ: ''ذمی خواہ کیسے ہی جرم کا ارتکاب کرے اس کا ذمہ نہیں ٹوٹتا، حتیٰ کہ جزیہ بند کردینا، مسلمانوں کو قتل کرنا، نبی صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم کی شان میں گستاخی کرنا یا کسی مسلمان عورت کی آبروریزی کرنا، اس کے حق میں ناقضِ ذمہ نہیں ہے۔ البتہ صرف دو صورتیں ایسی ہیں کہ جن میں عقدِ ذمّہ باقی نہیں رہتا: ایک یہ کہ وہ دارالاسلام سے نکلے اور دشمنوں سے جاملے، دوسرے یہ کہ حکومتِ اسلامیہ کے خلاف علانیہ بغاوت کر کے فتنہ و فساد برپا کرے''۔

میری تحقیق یہ ہے کہ نبی صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم کی شان میں گستاخی سے ذمّی کا عقدِ ذمہ ٹوٹ جاتا ہے۔ آپ نے اپنی راے کی تائید میں فتح القدیر ، ج۴، اور بدائع،ص ۱۱۳ کا حوالہ دیا ہے لیکن دوسری طرف علامہ ابن تیمیہؒ نے الصارم المسلول علٰی شاتم الرسول کے نام سے ایک مستقل رسالہ لکھا ہے.... حضرت علیؓ کی روایت ہے کہ ایک یہودیہ نبی صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم کے خلاف بدزبانی کرتی رہتی تھی ۔ایک شخص نے اس کا گلا گھونٹا، یہاں تک کہ وہ مرگئی۔ نبی ؐ نے اس کے خون کو رائیگاں قرار دے دیا(ابوداؤد)۔ ایک مقامی عالم نے اخبار اہلِ حدیث (سوہدرہ) میں آپ کی اس راے کے خلاف ایک مضمون 'مولانا مودودی کی ایک غلطی' شائع کیا ہے اور متعدد علما کے فتاویٰ درج کیے ہیں۔
جواب: یہ مسئلہ مختلف فیہ ہے۔ اس میں دوسری طرف بھی علما کا ایک بڑا گروہ ہے اور اس کے پاس بھی دلائل ہیں۔ اصل اختلاف اس بات میں نہیں ہے کہ جزیہ نہ دینا، یا سبِّ نبی صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم یا ہتکِ مسلّمات قانونی جرم مستلزم سزا ہیں یا نہیں، بلکہ اس امر میں ہے کہ: 'یہ جرائم آیا قانون کے خلاف جرائم ہیں یا دستورِ مملکت کے خلاف؟' ایک جرم وہ ہے جو رعیت کا کوئی فرد کرے تو صرف مجرم ہوتا ہے۔ دوسرا جرم وہ ہے جس کا ارتکاب وہ کرے تو سرے سے رعیت ہونے ہی سے خارج ہوجاتا ہے۔ حنفیہ یہ کہتے ہیں کہ: ذمّی کے یہ جرائم پہلی نوعیت کے ہیں۔ بعض دوسرے علما کے نزدیک: 'ان کی نوعیت دوسری قسم کے جرائم کی سی ہے'۔ یہ ایک دستوری بحث ہے جس میں دونوں طرف کافی دلائل ہیں۔ اخبار اہل حدیث میں جن صاحب نے مضمون لکھا ہے، انھوں نے انصاف نہیں کیا کہ اسے صرف مودودی کی غلطی قرار دیا۔ یہ اگر غلطی ہے تو سلف میں بہت سے اس کے مرتکب ہیں۔ مودودی غریب کا تو صرف یہ قصور ہے کہ [وہ] کسی مسئلے میں مسلکِ حنفی کی تائید کرتا ہے تو اہلِ حدیث سے گالیاں کھاتا ہے اور کسی میں اہلِ حدیث کی تائید کرتا ہے تو حنفی اس کے پیچھے پڑ جاتے ہیں۔

60 سال پہلے

 

( ترجمان القرآن، جولائی ۱۹۵۵ء،ص ۶۱۔۶۳)

 

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VIRTUES OF SIX FASTS AFTER EID

» Sayyiduna Abu Ayyub (Radi Allahu Anhu) has narrated the following statement of the Holy Prophet (SallAllahu Alayhi wa Sallam):

''Whoever keeps fasts in Ramadan and then keeps six fasts in Shawwal, it is as if he has kept fasts for his entire life.'' [Sahih Muslim, Page 592, Hadith 1164]

 
» Sayyiduna Sauban (Radi Allahu Anhu) has narrated that the Prophet of mankind, the Peace of our heart and mind, the most Generous and Kind (SallAllahu Alayhi wa Sallam) has said:

''The one fasting six days after Eid-ul-Fitr (in Shawwal) has fasted the entire year because whoever brings one good deed will get ten rewards (for it).'' [Sunan Ibn Majah, Vol. 2, Page 333, Hadith 1715]

 
» Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Umar (Radi Allahu Anhu) has narrated that the Noble Prophet (SallAllahu Alayhi wa Sallam) has said:

''The one fasting in Ramadan and then fasting six days in Shawwal has been cleansed from sins as if he was born from his mother's womb today.'' [Majma' al-Zawaid, Vol. 3, Page 425, Hadith 5102]

 
NOTE: It is better to have these six fasts separately (on alternate days or after every two/three days), but there is still no harm if somebody fasts consecutively after Eid-ul-Fitr. [Bahar-e-Shari'at, Part 5, Page 140]

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Why was Laylat al-Qadr kept secret?

Hadrat Sayyiduna Imam Fakhr al-Din Raazi (Alayhir Rahmah) has stated in his famous exegesis 'Tafsir al-Kabir', There are several reasons why Allah has concealed the exact date of Laylat al-Qadr:

1. Allah has concealed many things such as His pleasure in obedience so that people would perform every form of worship, His wrath in sins so that people would avoid every single sin, His Awliya amongst His servants so that people would respect every single person, the fulfilment of supplications in making supplications so that people would make supplications abundantly, the Ism al-Azam amongst His names so that people would respect every name and the Salat al-Wusta amongst the Salah so that people would offer all the Salah.

Likewise, the acceptance of repentance has been kept secret so that people always repent of their sins and the time of death has also been kept secret so that people always fear it. Similarly, Laylat al-Qadr has been kept secret so that people respect all the nights of Ramadan.

2. It is as if Allah says to His servants, 'I know your daring about sins; if I had declared a particular night as Laylat al-Qadr, and if you had committed sins knowingly even at this sacred night due to your lust, it would be more severe than committing sins unknowingly.'

According to a narration, once the Holy Prophet (SallAllahu Alayhi wa Sallam) entered the Masjid where he saw a man sleep (inside). He said, 'O Ali! Wake him up so that he can perform Wudu.' Having awoken the man, Sayyiduna Ali (Radi Allahu Anhu) said, 'Ya RasoolAllah (SallAllahu Alayka wa Sallam) usually, you prefer to perform righteous deeds, why did you not wake him up yourself?' He (SallAllahu Alayhi wa Sallam) replied, 'I did not do so because his refusing you is not a Kufr; I did it to reduce his crime.'

It is an example of the mercy of the Beloved Rasool (SallAllahu Alayhi wa Sallam). Considering this (hadith), imagine the mercy of Allah. It is as if Allah says, 'If you had worshipped in Laylat al-Qadr after being aware of it, you would gain more reward than a thousand months worship but if you had sinned in it you would have been punished for a thousand months, and protection from punishment is better than earning reward.'

3. It is as if Allah says, 'I kept this night secret so that people would struggle hard to acquire it and earn reward for their struggles.'

4. Since people are unaware as to which night Laylat al-Qadr is, they will try to worship Allah every night of Ramadan in search of Laylat al-Qadr. Referring to these people Allah admonished the angels, 'You used to say that these humans will fight and shed blood, but (look) these are their efforts and struggles in a night that could be Laylat al-Qadr (they are not even certain of it) so what would have they done if I had told them the exact night…? (In other words, they would worship even more abundantly).'

This is the secret to the answer Allah gave to the angels when He said to them:

 إني جاعل في الأرض خليفة
"I am about to place My Caliph in the earth".

The angels said:

قالوا أتجعل فيها من يفسد فيها ويسفك الدماء ونحن نسبح بحمدك ونقدس لك
They said, "Will You place (as a caliph) one who will spread turmoil in it and shed blood? Whereas we glorify You with praise and proclaim Your Sanctity".

Then He (Almighty) said:

قال إني أعلم ما لا تعلمون
He said, "I know what you do not."

Thus, the secret behind this statement has been revealed. [Tafsir al-Kabir, Vol. 11, Page 229]

--
Shahzad Afzal
http://www.pakistanprobe.com

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Signs of Laylat al-Qadr

Sayyiduna Ubadah bin Saamit (Radi Allahu Anhu) asked the Noble Prophet (SallAllahu Alayhi wa Sallam) about Laylat al-Qadr. The Holy Prophet (SallAllahu Alayhi wa Sallam) replied:

"Laylat al-Qadr is in the odd nights of the last ten days of Ramadan, i.e. 21st, 23rd, 25th, 27th, 29th or the last night of Ramadan. Whoever worships in this night with faith in order to earn reward will be forgiven for all his previous sins. Some of its signs are as follows:

» The night will be open, bright and extremely clear.

» It is neither too hot nor too cold.

» The weather is quite normal at this night and the moon is clearly visible.

» The devils are not struck with stars the whole night.

» There is another sign that is the rising of the sun without rays on the following morning, and the sun looks like the moon of the 14th night.

» Allah has prevented the devil to come out with the sunrise of that morning (apart from that one day, whenever the sun rises in the morning the devil also comes out)." [Musnad Imam Ahmad, Vol. 8, Page 414, Hadith 22829]

--
Shahzad Afzal
http://www.pakistanprobe.com

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44 Causes of Deprivation in Sustenance

As there are causes of blessings in sustenance, there are also causes of deprivation in it. If we avoid them we will gain an abundance of blessings in sha Allah. Here are 44 causes of deprivation in sustenance:

1. To eat without washing the hands.

2. To eat without covering the head.

3. To eat in the dark.

4. To eat and drink whilst sitting at the doorstep.

5. To eat near the deceased.

6. To eat without bathing after sexual intercourse or a nocturnal emission.

7. To delay eating after the food has been served.

8. To eat on a bed without laying a dining-mat.

9. To eat on a bed whilst you are sitting by the headboard and the food is served towards the direction where you place your feet (at the time of sleeping).

10. To bite off the bread instead of breaking it with the hands (those who eat burgers should also take care).

11. To use broken clay or porcelain plates, cups etc. (It is Makruh to drink water, tea etc. from the side of a cup that is chipped. Do not use the plates, cups etc. that are cracked as there are many harmful germs and bacteria that may be embedded within the cracks and may cause diseases).

12. Not to clean the used plates, pots etc.

13. To wash the hands in the container used for eating.

14. To swallow food-particles stuck between the teeth after removing them by dental floss or toothpick etc.

15. To leave the plates, glasses etc. used for eating uncovered. One should recite Bismillah and cover them because if left uncovered, calamities descend into the food and drink and spoil them, causing illness.

16. To throw bread at such places where it would be disrespected or trampled by people.

17. To sleep in excess. (This can also cause ignorance).

18. To sleep naked.

19. To urinate shamelessly. (Those that urinate in public on roadsides should pay heed).

20. To be lazy in picking up fallen crumbs or bits of food from the dining-mat.

21. To burn the peel of an onion or garlic.

22. To sweep one's home with clothes.

23. To sweep at night.

24. To leave trash (garbage) inside the home.

25. To walk ahead of the Mashaikh (scholars and saints).

26. To call parents by their names.

27. To clean the hands with mud or sand.

28. To stand whilst leaning on a side of the door.

29. To make Wudu in the lavatory.

30. To sew clothes etc. whilst wearing them.

31. To wipe one's face with the clothing one is wearing.

32. To leave spiders' webs in the home.

33. To be lazy in offering Salah.

34. To exit the Masjid early after offering Salat al-Fajr.

35. To go to the market very early in the morning.

36. To come back from the marketplace late.

37. To curse children. (Some women often curse their children. Then they also complain about the lack of blessings in sustenance).

38. To commit sins, specifically lies.

39. To put out an oil lamp by blowing.

40. To use a broken comb.

41. Not to make Du'a for one's parents.

42. To wrap the turban around the head whilst sitting.

43. To put on the pants or pyjamas whilst standing.

44. To avoid performing good deeds.

— — —
Excerpted from:
Ta'leem al-Muta'allim, Pages 73-76
Sunni Bahishti Zaiwar, Pages 595-601

--
Shahzad Afzal
http://www.pakistanprobe.com

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15th of Shabaan rituals and Bidaah!

Shabi baraat , it's rituals, sunnah and Biddah ! by: Abida Rahmani Tonight is the night of 15th Shaabaan. This night marks a night of festivity and celebrations in our culture and some of the Muslims all around the world. Being a small kid, I remember impatiently waiting for this month of Shaabaan. This month marked the month of fireworks for us. We would make a big rag ball, dipped in kerosene oil for days. At night set it on fire and tried our muscles to throw it higher and higher. Our elders would always participate in this fun. Sometimes this burning ball of rags would make ablaze here and there. Then we would get money from our elders for other fireworks, crackers, tracers, bombs (bums) and the innocent ones phuljarian , the twinkling stars. It was a month of celebrations and fun for us.  Then after growing up a little bit, we were told to offer at least 100 rakaas of nawafil (nonobligatory prayers) on that night. Our maulvis or scholars were against the fireworks and called it a night of worship and salvation. In our families the ladies would gather and try to offer at least 100 rakaas,. The ladies used to make and distribute special meals among friends and families on that night. it was considered rewarding to be awake whole night and doing ibada. In Urdu speaking families mostly it was a big ritual of making different kind of halwas. So much toil and efforts were done in the preparations, days before this ritual would start. A variety of Halwas of suji, gram( channa), eggs, dry dates, coconut etc. the kids would distribute the delicacies among neighbors and friends. Those with sweet tooth would wait whole year for these Halwas . Meanwhile the cooking ladies tried their best to show expertise .All other cultures were not far behind in cooking their best meals and distributing to  poor and friends. In General it was considered a night of festivities. I remember some of my friends wearing new clothes on this evening.  The scholars or maulvis then asked the ladies not to get so tired in those preparations, it is not needed at all.They should preserve their energy for the night of worship, solitude and salvation. They have to fast the next day too. Then after going through and interacting with  some more learned and authentic scholars of Islam came to know that even this is not a night of worship and salvation , therefore no extra efforts are required for this night and no fast is authentic according to sunnah for the next day. The Ahadith related to this night are weak and this celebrated night of power is in the last 10 nights of Ramadan. Once when I was visiting Egypt. On 14th of Shaabaan in Old Muslim Cairo, saw people buying beautifully made lanterns, sweets and vermicelli. On my query I was told that it is for the celebrations of this night the 15th Shabban. Next day we were in haram baitullah  Makkah for Umrah and many of the ladies were fasting. It is great to practice authentic and pure religion and to simplify life but in this way we are taking all the beauty, fun and festivities from kids And families. Here I ' m quoting some of the authentic narrations. In preparation of Ramadan Muhammed (saaw) did fast frequently in the month of Sha'ban, and he recommended not to fast after 15th of Shabaan so that we can have full strength for Ramadan to fast. There is no evidence of fasting on 15th of Sha'ban as compulsory/recommended ................ one can fast whenever, other than the obligatory fasting of RAMADHAN ! On The night of 15th Sha'ban the preparation for the Shab-e-Baraat festivities is also heating up. Most mainstream Sunni and Shia sects believe this night to be blessed and perform special prayers, keep a fast and distribute food.  There is only one blessed night mentioned in the Qur'an, which is Laila tul Qadr. The Qur'an was sent down in this night and it is one of the nights in the last 10 days of Ramadan. However, those who believe that 15th Sha'ban is blessed interpret the verses in Surah Ad-Dukhan to refer to this night rather than the night of Qadr.  حمٓ (١) وَٱلۡڪِتَـٰبِ ٱلۡمُبِينِ (٢) إِنَّآ أَنزَلۡنَـٰهُ فِى لَيۡلَةٍ۬ مُّبَـٰرَكَةٍ‌ۚ إِنَّا كُنَّا مُنذِرِينَ By the manifest Book (this Qur'ân) that makes things clear, (2) We sent it (this Qur'ân) down on a blessed night, addukhan 2,3 Many Scholars refer to this Ayah for Shabi Baraat or 15th of Shabaan anstead of Lailatul Qadar and made this night very special. But is Surah Ad-Dukhan referring to the 15th Sha'ban or to the night of Qadr? The clue is in the reference to the revelation of the Qur'an: Verily, We have sent it (this Qur'an) down in the night of Al-Qadr (Decree). [Surah Al-Qadr 97:1] Therein descend the angels and the Ruh [Jibril (Gabril)] by Allah's Permission with all Decrees. [Surah Al-Qadr 97:4] The verses quoted above prove that the Qur'an was revealed on the night of Qadr, when Allah's angels also descend with all Decrees (related to life, death and wealth). We then find the key evidence in Surah Al-Baqara which tells us exactly which month it is: The month of Ramadan in which was revealed the Qur'an, a guidance for mankind and clear proofs for the guidance and the criterion (between right and wrong). So whoever of you sights (the crescent on the first night of) the month (of Ramadan i.e. is present at his home), he must observe Saum (fasts) that month, and whoever is ill or on a journey, the same number [of days which one did not observe Saum (fasts) must be made up] from other days. Allah intends for you ease, and He does not want to make things difficult for you. (He wants that you) must complete the same number (of days), and that you must magnify Allah [i.e. to say Takbir (Allahu Akbar; Allah is the Most Great] for having guided you so that you may be grateful to Him. [Surah Al-Baqara 2:185] [Emphasis added] We can then conclude that the only night of blessing referred to in the Qur'an is the night of Qadr. There is no reference whatsoever to a Shab-e-Barat (or the night of 15th Sha'ban) as a blessed night. The practices and beliefs associated with this night are a strange mish-mash of information found in the Qur'an and Sahih Hadith. Of the many things associated with this, it is said that Prophet Muhammad (SAW) visited a graveyard on the night of 15th Sha'ban. He prayed for the forgiveness of those who died as believers and were buried in Al-Baqi). Based on this hadith, Muslims have now created a ritual whereby they visit graveyards on this night every year. This 15 Sha'ban hadith is found in Tirmidhi. There is jirah (criticism) on this hadith and Tirmidhi himself acknowledged that the reference to 15th Sha'ban was based on a single report (this means that the hadith is classed as weak and is unreliable). Crucially, we find authentic reports of this incident in Sahih Muslim (Sahih Muslim, Book #004, and Hadith #2127). There is no mention at all of Sha'ban, or of any other month when this incident happened. In fact, the Prophet (SAW) explained that he was ordered by angel Gabriel (AS) to pray for the forgiveness of the inhabitants of Al-Baqi. This is an isolated incident, in the sense that the Prophet (SAW) did not repeat this practice as a matter of routine. What we do learn from this hadith is a prayer for forgiveness for those who died as believers but we find no mention of a particular date, so we do not know which night it was. Despite this, the 15 Sha'ban myths has gained acceptance and Muslims have started to visit graveyards on the 15th Sha'ban every year; this is a ritual that can only be classed as a Bidd'ah. Rather than sending a prayer for forgiveness regularly, what they have started to do instead is to congregate in graveyards, put flowers and kewra (fragrance) on graves and say Salat un Tasbeeh prayers all night. It is worth pointing out that Salat un Tasbeeh itself is an innovated prayer not proven from Prophet (SAW). And while some spend this night saying prayers, others light up fireworks and sparklers. As we do not tire of repeating, Bidd'ah tend to grow into more Bidd'ah very quickly and what we see is that one innovated festival makes room for many more. It is also believed by these sects that reports of actions or deeds are taken to Allah on this night and this is why one should fast on the day. What we find in Sahih Hadith is that all matters are taken to Allah on Monday and Thursday every week, which is why Prophet (SAW) used to fast on these days. (Sahih Muslim, Book #006, Hadith #2603) Abu Huraim reported Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him) as saying, "The deeds of people would be presented every week on two days, viz. Monday and Thursday, and every believing servant would be granted pardon except the one in whose (heart) there is rancor against his brother and it would be said: Leave them and put them off until they are turned to reconciliation. (Sahih Muslim, Book #032, Hadith #6224) It is also believed that Allah's decisions regarding matters of life, death and wealth are revealed to angels on 15 Sha'ban. This view contradicts the Qur'an, where we are told clearly that all such Decrees are brought by angels on the night of Qadr, which is a night in Ramadan. We can conclude that: There is only one blessed night, the night of Qadr, mentioned in the Qur'an. The Prophet (SAW) recommended nafl Ibadah in the last 10 nights of Ramadan, one of which may be the night of Qadr. This is the night when the Qur'an was revealed and when angels bring Allah's Decrees. The Prophet (SAW) visited the graveyard of Al-Baqi one night and said a prayer for those who died as believers. There are no authentic reports which tell us exactly which night this was. Here is  the Hadith: Muhammad b. Qais said (to the people): Should I not narrate to you (a hadith of the Holy Prophet) on my authority and on the authority of my mother? We thought that he meant the mother who had given him birth. He (Muhammad b. Qais) then reported that it was 'A'isha who had narrated this: Should I not narrate to you about myself and about the Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him)? We said: Yes. She said: When it was my turn for Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him) to spend the night with me, he turned his side, put on his mantle and took off his shoes and placed them near his feet, and spread the corner of his shawl on his bed and then lay down till he thought that I had gone to sleep. He took hold of his mantle slowly and put on the shoes slowly, and opened the door and went out and then closed it lightly. I covered my head, put on my veil and tightened my waist wrapper, and then went out following his steps till he reached Baqi'. He stood there and he stood for a long time. He then lifted his hands three times, and then returned and I also returned. He hastened his steps and I also hastened my steps. He ran and I too ran. He came (to the house) and I also came (to the house). I, however, preceded him and I entered (the house), and as I lay down in the bed, he (the Holy Prophet) entered the (house), and said: Why is it, O 'A'isha, that you are out of breath? I said: There is nothing. He said: Tell me or the Subtle and the Aware would inform me. I said: Messenger of Allah, may my father and mother be ransom for you, and then I told him (the whole story). He said: Was it the darkness (of your shadow) that I saw in front of me? She said: Whatsoever the people conceal, Allah will know it. He said: Gabriel came to me when you   saw me.. He (gabriel) said: Your Lord has commanded you to go to the inhabitants of Baqi' (to those lying in the graves) and beg pardon for them. I said: Messenger of Allah, how should I pray for them (How should I beg forgiveness for them)? He said: Say, Peace be upon the inhabitants of this city (graveyard) from among the Believers and the Muslims, and may Allah have mercy on those who have gone ahead of us, and those who come later on, and we shall, God willing, join you. this night was the 15th of Shaabaan.

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Shahzad Afzal
http://www.pakistanprobe.com/

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Knowledge of Unseen of Prophet Muhammad SAW - Ilam Ghaib - علم غیب

Knowledge of Unseen of Prophet Muhammad SAW
کیا نبی (صلى الله عليه وسلم) کو علم غیب ہے؟
Kia Nabi SAW ko ilam-e-ghaib hai?

Excellent explanation for the topic above and may Allah give us strength to read and understand. Aamin

Original Post: islamicacademy

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